Suicidio y Trastorno Afectivo Bipolar: revisión integrativa de la evidencia epidemiológica y factores asociados

José Luis Aiquel Bellolio

doi:10.5281/zenodo.19056158

Authors

José Luis Aiquel Bellolio Médico Cirujano, Universidad Central, Bolivia Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19056158

Keywords:

Bipolar Disorder, Suicide, Epidemiology, Mental Health, Risk Factors

Abstract

Introduction: Suicide is an important public health problem worldwide and has a strong association with psychiatric disorders, especially bipolar affective disorder (BAD). Methodology: An integrative literature review was carried out in national and international databases, with the aim of analyzing the prevalence of suicide in people with BAD. Results: Studies show that individuals with BAD have a significantly higher risk of suicide than the general population, with special concentration during the depressive and mixed phases. Discussion: Clinical, sociodemographic and contextual factors influence vulnerability to suicide, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Conclusion: The strengthening of clinical strategies and public policies is essential for the reduction of suicide risk in this population.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

1. World Health Organization. Suicide worldwide in 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization [Internet]; 2021 [citado 20 de agosto de 2025 Disponible en: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240026643

2. Botega NJ. Comportamento suicida: epidemiologia. Psicologia USP [Internet]. 2014 Dec;25(3):231–6. Disponible en: https://www.scielo.br/pdf/pusp/v25n3/0103-6564-pusp-25-03-0231.pdf

3. SHER L. Manic-Depressive Illness: Bipolar Disorders and Recurrent Depression, Second Editionby Frederick K. Goodwin, M.D., and Kay Redfield Jamison, Ph.D. New York, Oxford University Press. 2008 Apr;165(4):541–2.

4. Grande I, Berk M, Birmaher B, Vieta E. Bipolar disorder. The Lancet [Internet]. 2016;387(10027):1561–72.

5. ‌Dong M, Lu L, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Ungvari GS, Ng CH, et al. Prevalence of suicide attempts in bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences. 2019. 25;29(63). Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796019000593

6. Trott M, S. Suetani, U. Arnautovska, S. Kisely, Ray MK, T. Theodoros, et al. Suicide methods and severe mental illness: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 2024(1).

7. Miller JN, Black DW. Bipolar disorder and suicide: A review. Current Psychiatry Reports [Internet]. 2020 Jan 18;22(2). Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-020-1130-0

8. Tondo L, Hennen J, Baldessarini RJ. Lower suicide risk with long-term lithium treatment in major affective illness: a meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica [Internet]. 2001 Sep;104(3):163–72. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0447.2001.00464.x

9. Costa L da S, Alencar ÁP, Neto PJN, Santos M do SV dos, da Silva CGL, Pinheiro S de FL, et al. Risk factors for suicide in bipolar disorder: A systematic review. Journal of Affective Disorders [Internet]. 2015; 170:237–54. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165032714005485

10. Tai A, Pincham H, Basu A, Large M. Meta-analysis of risk factors for suicide after psychiatric discharge and meta-regression of the duration of follow-up. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry [Internet]. 2025. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674251348372

11. Baldessarini RJ, Vázquez GH, Tondo L. Bipolar depression: a major unsolved challenge. International Journal of Bipolar Disorders [Internet]. 2020 Jan 6;8(1). Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40345-019-0160-1

12. Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Boletim epidemiológico de tentativas e óbitos por suicídio no Brasil: 2010 a 2021. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde [Internet] 2024.