Infantile acropustulosis in a preschool-aged child: case report

Abstract

Introduction: Infantile acropustulosis is an uncommon, benign, and self-limiting inflammatory dermatosis. Its exact incidence remains unknown due to the lack of population-based studies. It is characterized by recurrent pruritic acral eruptions, and its clinical diagnosis may be challenging because it can mimic more prevalent dermatologic conditions. Methodology: Descriptive case report of a preschool child, supported by a narrative literature review. Case description: A 2-year-7-month-old male with asthma presented with a one-month history of pruritic plantar lesions without systemic involvement. Multiple prior consultations resulted in misdiagnoses and poor treatment response. Physical examination revealed monomorphic papulo-vesicular acral lesions. Dermatological evaluation confirmed infantile acropustulosis, recommending symptomatic treatment and scabies exclusion in contacts. The patient showed favorable evolution with progressive resolution. Discussion: This case highlights the importance of clinical recognition and differentiation from more common dermatoses. Conclusion: Infantile acropustulosis should be considered in children with recurrent pruritic acral lesions. Clinical diagnosis avoids unnecessary interventions, with symptomatic management and favorable prognosis.