Una mirada epidemiológica: Tasa de egreso hospitalario por Quiste Pilonidal  en Chile, 2021-2024

Michelle Toapanta Pesantes; Dayra Salgado Zapata; Diosangela Montilla Robles; Javiera  Fabres Olguin; María José Mora Salgado

doi:10.5281/zenodo.19056051

Authors

Michelle Toapanta Pesantes Médico General, SAPU Violeta Parra, Pudahuel, Chile Author https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6046-8978
Dayra Salgado Zapata Médico General, CESFAM Recreo, San Miguel, Chile Author https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5688-7878
Diosangela Montilla Robles Médico General, Departamento de Salud de Chimbarongo, Chimbarongo, Chile Author https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8024-0998
Javiera Fabres Olguin Médico General, Áncora UC San Alberto Hurtado, Puente Alto, Chile Author https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9644-3929
María José Mora Salgado Interna de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago, Santiago, Chile Author https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4526-1218

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19056051

Keywords:

Chile, Hospitalization, Pilonidal cyst, Epidemiology, Dermatology

Abstract

Introduction: Pilonidal cyst (PC) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the skin and subcutaneous tissue associated with recurrence and hospitalization. Objective: To describe the hospital discharge rate (HDR) for PC and its epidemiological characteristics in Chile during the period 2021–2024. Methodology: A descriptive time-series study was conducted using the national hospital discharge database and population projections. Crude rates per 100,000 inhabitants, average length of stay, and proportions were calculated. The analysis was performed using measures of central tendency and dispersion. Results: An increased HDR was observed in 2024 (11.20 cases per 100,000 inhabitants). The HDR was consistently higher in men and was concentrated in the 15–19-year age group (44.10 per 100,000 inhabitants). Most discharges (61.80%) corresponded to PC without abscess. These changes may be related to improved patient detection or influenced by a combination of predisposing factors. Discussion: An upward trend was observed, although values remained lower than those reported in the international literature, suggesting possible underreporting. The highest HDR occurred in young men aged 15–19 years, possibly related to biological, morphological, and behavioral factors. The limited variation in the average length of hospital stay may be associated with the implementation of techniques that reduce hospitalization time. Conclusion: PC represents a brief but non-negligible cause of hospitalization, predominantly affecting young men. These findings support the need for outpatient management protocols and targeted public health strategies for this population group.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

1. Cassana A, Villalón CR. Enfermedad pilonidal sacrococcígea tratada según técnica Karydakis: resultados quirúrgicos con más de 5 años de seguimiento. Rev Chil Cir [Internet]. 2024 [citado el 22 de septiembre de 2025];76(6):579–586. Disponible en https://doi:10.35687/s2452-454920240062287

2. Hull TL, Wu J. Pilonidal disease. Surg Clin North Am [Internet]. 2002 [citado el 22 de septiembre de 2025];82(6):1169–1185. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0039-6109(02)00062-2

3. Mahmood F, Hussain A, Akingboye A. Pilonidal sinus disease: review of current practice and prospects for endoscopic treatment. Ann Med Surg (Lond) [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 22 de septiembre de 2025];57:212–217. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amsu.2020.07.050

4. Álvarez Rubio FJ, Soto Ortiz JA, Quiñones Venegas R. Enfermedad pilonidal: ¿trastorno proctológico? Dermatol CMQ [Internet]. 2023 [citado el 22 de septiembre de 2025];21(3):250–257. Disponible en: https://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/cosmetica/dcm-2023/dcm233j.pdf

5. Luedi MM, Schober P, Stauffer VK, Diekmann M, Doll D. Global gender differences in pilonidal sinus disease: a random-effects meta-analysis. World J Surg [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 22 de septiembre de 2025];44(11):3602–3609. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-020-05702-z

6. Harju J, Söderlund F, Yrjönen A, Santos A, Hermunen K. Pilonidal disease treatment by radial laser surgery (FiLaC™): the first Finnish experience. Scand J Surg [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 22 de septiembre de 2025];110(4):520–523. Disponible en: http://doi.org/10.1177/1457496920975610

7. Salimi-Jazi F, Abrajano C, Garza D, Rafeeqi T, Yousefi R, Hartman E, Hah K, Wilcox M, Diyaolu M, Chao S, Su W, Hui T, Mueller C, Fuchs J, Chiu B. Burden of pilonidal disease and improvement in quality of life after treatment in adolescents. Pediatr Surg Int. 2022;38(10):1453-1459. Disponible en: http://doi.org/10.1007/s00383-022-05175-2

8. Tam A, Steen CJ, Chua J, Yap RJ. Pilonidal sinus: an overview of historical and current management modalities. Updates Surg [Internet]. 2024 [citado el 22 de septiembre de 2025];76(3):803–810. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13304-024-01799-2

9. Cortés Fuentes V, Zambra R M, Díaz B M, Azolas M R, Abedrapo M M, Sanguinetti M A. Manejo abierto del quiste pilonidal. Rev Cir [Internet]. 2024 [citado el 22 de septiembre de 2025];76(1):7–12. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.35687/s2452-454920240011860

10. Milone M, Velotti N, Manigrasso M, Milone F, Sosa Fernandez LM, De Palma GD. Video-assisted ablation of pilonidal sinus (VAAPS) versus sinusectomy for treatment of chronic pilonidal sinus disease: a comparative study. Updates Surg [Internet]. 2019 Mar [citado el 22 de septiembre de 2025];71(1):179–183. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13304-018-00611-2

11. Faurschou IK, Erichsen R, Doll D, Haas S. Time trends in incidence of pilonidal sinus disease from 1996 to 2021: a Danish population-based cohort study. Colorectal Dis [Internet]. 2024 [citado el 22 de septiembre de 2025];27(1): e17227. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/codi.17227

12. Duman K, Gırgın M, Harlak A. Prevalence of sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease in Turkey. Asian J Surg [Internet]. 2017 [citado el 22 de septiembre de 2025];40(6):434–437. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asjsur.2016.04.001

13. Bi S, Sun K, Chen S, Gu J. Surgical procedures in the pilonidal sinus disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Sci Rep [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 22 de septiembre de 2025]; 10:13720. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70641-7

14. Ardelt M, Dennler U, Fahrner R, Hallof G, Tautenhahn HM, Dondorf F, et al. Puberty is a major factor in pilonidal sinus disease: gender-specific investigations of case number development in Germany from 2007 until 2015. Chirurg [Internet]. 2017 [citado el 22 de septiembre de 2025];88(11):961–967. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-017-0463-7

15. Ginostroza C, Guzmán S, Becerra M, Roa JC. Quiste pilonidal abscedado: tratamiento definitivo en un tiempo. Rev Chil Cir [Internet]. 2011 [citado el 22 de septiembre de 2025];63(1):47–52. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-40262011000100009

16. Gil LA, Deans KJ, Minneci PC. Management of pilonidal disease: a review. JAMA [Internet]. 2024 [citado el 22 de septiembre de 2025];331(12):1070–1071. Disponible en: http://doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2023.0373

17. Gallinella Muzi M, Maglio R, Milito G, Nigro C, Ciangola I, Bernagozzi B, et al. Long-term results of pilonidal sinus disease with modified primary closure: new technique on 450 patients. Am Surg [Internet]. 2014 [citado el 22 de septiembre de 2025];80(5):484–488. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24887728/